CODEWITHSUNDEEP
pythondjangodjango-rest-framework
Piturnah
Piturnah

Reputation: 626

Annotating single model instance (instead of queryset) in django

So, I have a Post model which contains PostVotes from users

class Post(models.Model):
    voters = models.ManyToManyField(User, through="PostVote")
    #other stuff

and the post vote can have a state of either "upvote" or "downvote" (I know I should be using enums or a bool for this before I start receiving those comments) and in many cases I need to count the total score of the object for the frontend. When I have the posts in a queryset, the following solution is working well:

posts = Post.objects.all().annotate(vote=models.Sum(
    models.Case(
        models.When(postvote__state="upvote", then=1),
        models.When(postvote__state="downvote", then=-1),
        default=0,
        output_field=models.IntegerField()
    )
))

However, there are many cases where I want to do a similar thing but instead of a queryset I have just a single instance. How do I do this? Trying the above solution gives 'Post' object has no attribute 'annotate'

Upvotes: 2

Views: 1924

Answers (2)

S.D.
S.D.

Reputation: 2951

Another solution might be to add it to your query sets by default. This should make the annotation available throughout.

  1. Create a file managers.py inside of your app. And create the custom queryset/manager

    from django.db import models

class PostQuerySet(models.QuerySet):
    def annotate_vote(self):
      return self.annotate(vote=models.Sum(
          models.Case(
            models.When(postvote__state="upvote", then=1),
            models.When(postvote__state="downvote", then=-1),
            default=0,
            output_field=models.IntegerField()
        )))

class PostManager(models.Manager):
    def get_queryset(self):
        return PostQuerySet(self.model, using=self._db).\
            annotate_vote()
  1. Add the new manager as inside of your model.
from .managers import PostManager

class Post(models.Model):
    ...
    objects = PostManager()
    ...
  1. This should give you accesss to the data like so:

Post.objects.last().vote

Upvotes: 0

jkoestinger
jkoestinger

Reputation: 1010

If I understood you already have a Post instance, and you would like to get its score? I so, I think you could implement a computed property as follow:

class Post(models.Model):
    voters = models.ManyToManyField(User, through="PostVote")

    @property
    def score(self):
        return sum([-1 if vote.state == 'downvote' else 1 for vote in self.postvotes.all()])

Note that this method will trigger extra DB queries if you didn't fetch your Post instance with .prefetch_related('postvotes')

Then you can use post.score to get the result

Another way to implement the property would be by doing a query instead:

class Post(models.Model):
    voters = models.ManyToManyField(User, through="PostVote")

    @property
    def score(self):
        return PostVote.objects.filter(post=self.pk).aggregate(vote=models.Sum(
            models.Case(
                models.When(state="upvote", then=1),
                models.When(state="downvote", then=-1),
                default=0,
                output_field=models.IntegerField()
            )
        ))['vote']

Note that I didn't try any of those code, so there might be any typo/wrong variable names

Upvotes: 2

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