How to write Dockerfile to serve Angular app and Node server

Question

My Angular app runs fine locally but I haven't figured out how to do the same with a Docker image. Outside of Docker, the UI runs on port 4200 with ng serve and the API serves data from 8080 with node server.js.

My Dockerfile is set up so it can get the Node server running and available on 8080, but the Angular UI won't run. I've tried several options but right now I have:

FROM node:14.17.3
COPY package*.json ./
EXPOSE 4200 8080
RUN npm install -g @angular/cli
RUN npm install --only=production
COPY . ./
RUN ng serve
CMD ["node", "server.js"]

It fails on ng serve with the error: The serve command requires to be run in an Angular project, but a project definition could not be found. I do have an angular.json file in the root. I'm not sure what I am missing. I read that ng serve shouldn't be used in this situation but the alternatives I've seen haven't made a difference.

Workspace:

EDIT 8/10/21: Based on the answers here and a bunch of research, this will display the UI with nginx:

FROM node:12.16.1-alpine as build
WORKDIR /usr/src/app
COPY package*.json ./
RUN npm ci --only=production
COPY . .
# RUN npm install -g @angular/cli
# RUN npm run build --prod
FROM nginx:1.15.8-alpine
COPY --from=build /usr/src/app/dist /usr/share/nginx/html
# CMD ["node", "server.js"]

However, the npm run build step fails because ng is not found despite installing @angular/cli. I have to run this manually to build the dist folder. And I can't run node server.js alongside this. It seems I can only get the front end or back end, not both.

Answer 1

I figured out a solution that will run the full application. Most answers here focus on running the front end (the nginx suggestion was helpful). It seemed a Docker container could enable the UI or server but not both. I came across Docker Compose, which will run the front and back ends in separate images. My solution:

Dockerfile.ui

# Define node version
FROM node:12.16.1-alpine as build
# Define container directory
WORKDIR /usr/src/app
# Copy package*.json for npm install
COPY package*.json ./
# Run npm clean install, including dev dependencies for @angular-devkit
RUN npm ci
# Run npm install @angular/cli
RUN npm install -g @angular/cli
# Copy all files
COPY . .
# Run ng build through npm to create dist folder
RUN npm run build --prod
# Define nginx for front-end server
FROM nginx:1.15.8-alpine
# Copy dist from ng build to nginx html folder
COPY --from=build /usr/src/app/dist /usr/share/nginx/html

Dockerfile.server

# Define node version
FROM node:12.16.1-alpine
# Define container directory
WORKDIR /usr/src/app
# Copy package*.json for npm install
COPY package*.json ./
# Run npm clean install, prod dependencies only
RUN npm ci --only=production
# Copy all files
COPY . .
# Expose port 8080 for server
EXPOSE 8080
# Run "node server/run.js"
CMD ["node", "server/run.js"]

docker-compose.yml

version: '3'
services:
  server:
    build: 
      context: ./
      dockerfile: Dockerfile.server
    container_name: server
    ports:
      - 8080:8080

  ui:
    build: 
      context: ./
      dockerfile: Dockerfile.ui
    container_name: ui
    ports:
      - 4200:80
    links:
      - server

docker-compose up will build out an image for server and UI and deploy concurrently. I also resolved the ng not found errors by installing dev dependencies, particularly @angular-devkit/build-angular.

This tutorial helped me figure out Docker Compose: https://wkrzywiec.medium.com/how-to-run-database-backend-and-frontend-in-a-single-click-with-docker-compose-4bcda66f6de

Answer 2

Use below command at the end to run ng serve with host 0.0.0.0 which means it listens to all interfaces.

CMD ["ng","serve","--host", "0.0.0.0"]

But I would suggest using ngInx.

Steps to follow:

1. Create a docker file under the root of your project, and add the below code. It takes care of: downloading dependencies, building angular project, and deploy it to ngInx server.

#Download Node Alpine image
FROM node:12.16.1-alpine As build

#Setup the working directory
WORKDIR /usr/src/ng-app

#Copy package.json
COPY package.json package-lock.json ./

#Install dependencies
RUN npm install

#Copy other files and folder to working directory
COPY . .

#Build Angular application in PROD mode
RUN npm run build

#Download NGINX Image
FROM nginx:1.15.8-alpine

#Copy built angular files to NGINX HTML folder
COPY --from=build /usr/src/ng-app/dist/pokemon-app/ /usr/share/nginx/html

2. Build docker image:

docker build -t my-ng-app .

3. Spinning the docker container with below command expose your app at port 80

docker run -dp 3000:80 my-ng-app

Check out my article on this - https://askudhay.com/how-to-dockerize-an-angular-application, and please let me know if you still have any questions.

Answer 3

I think updating this line

COPY . ./

with

COPY . ./app

should solve that error. It appears that the node "volume" is in that folder.

Otherwise setting the workdir also seems like a solution:

FROM node:14

WORKDIR /usr/src/app

COPY package*.json ./
...

Source: https://nodejs.org/en/docs/guides/nodejs-docker-webapp/