CODEWITHSUNDEEP
iphoneiosencryptioncryptographyopenssl
David Nix
David Nix

Reputation: 3334

How do I get the initialization vector (iv) from OpenSSL encrypted data

Disclaimer: New to cryptography.

I have an external process that uses OpenSSL to encrypt data, which right now, uses a salt.

An iPhone app grabs that data from a server, downloads it to the app's documents directory, and needs to decrypt it. The iPhone OS does not include the OpenSSL library. You can build it yourself, but it's difficult and tricky. The "easiest" solution I've found, thanks to Stackoverflow's help, is to use CommonCrypto/CommonCryptor.h which is part of the Security Framework.

But the C function to decrypt data needs an iv to correctly decrypt.

Is there a way to derive the iv from the encrypted data (which, to me, seems like it would negate the extra security)? Or do I need to, first, specify the iv somehow and let the iPhone app know what it is? Or, just don't use a salt?

Edit1: To clarify, I'm using OpenSSL to encrypt text in a data file. A script using OpenSSL encrypts the text, uploads to Dropbox, then the app downloads the file from Dropbox, parses it, and attempts to decrypt the text.

Edit2: Yes, I'm using the OpenSSL command line utility with the -pass option.

Upvotes: 3

Views: 11338

Answers (3)

zaph
zaph

Reputation: 112865

The iv can not be derived from the encrypted data, it must be either agreed on outside of the communications between the two sides or made public. Also depending on the encryption mode it may not be required, but CBC is the most common and does require an iv. The iv basically makes it harder to glean any information from the first block.

In your case you just need to figure out the iv, either it is static and just hard-code it or it it is transmitted, possibly in a pre-amble, figure out how to extract it from the data.

The iv may be as simple as 0.

One problem with SSL is trying to capture the packets. That can be done easily with the app Charles (link here), it has a free trial. I use it regularly.

Upvotes: 1

erickson
erickson

Reputation: 269837

The IV should be chosen randomly for each message you encrypt. I assume you are using the OpenSSL command line utility, openssl enc, but it's not clear whether you are using password-based encryption (the -pass and -salt options) or specifying the key explicitly (the -K and -IV options).

For the best security, I recommend that you use the -K option, and randomly generate a new IV for each message. Send the IV along with the ciphertext. For example, you could append the ciphertext to the IV in one file, and then strip the IV from the beginning of the file when you are ready to decrypt.

The IV can be public; you don't have to hide it. The important thing is that you use an unpredictable IV for each message.

Upvotes: 7

D33pN16h7
D33pN16h7

Reputation: 2030

Personally I use to compile OpenSSL for a wide variety of functionality, try this tuto http://www.x2on.de/2010/07/13/tutorial-iphone-app-with-compiled-openssl-1-0-0a-library/ really is simple.

Cheers!.

Upvotes: 0

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