CODEWITHSUNDEEP
pythonpython-requestshttp-status-code-403
farhan jatt
farhan jatt

Reputation: 1056

How to fix "403 Forbidden" errors with Python requests even with User-Agent headers?

I am sending a request to some URL. I copied the curl command to python. So, all the headers are included, but my request is not working and I receive status code 403 and error code 1020 in the HTML output.

The code is

import requests

headers = {
    'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64; rv:106.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/106.0',
    'Accept': 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8',
    'Accept-Language': 'en-US,en;q=0.5',
    # 'Accept-Encoding': 'gzip, deflate, br',
    'DNT': '1',
    'Connection': 'keep-alive',
    'Upgrade-Insecure-Requests': '1',
    'Sec-Fetch-Dest': 'document',
    'Sec-Fetch-Mode': 'navigate',
    'Sec-Fetch-Site': 'none',
    'Sec-Fetch-User': '?1',
}

response = requests.get('https://v2.gcchmc.org/book-appointment/', headers=headers)

print(response.status_code)
print(response.cookies.get_dict())
with open("test.html",'w') as f:
    f.write(response.text)

I also get cookies but not getting the desired response. I know I can do it with selenium but I want to know the reason behind this.

Note:
I have installed all the libraries and checked the versions, but it is still not working and throwing a 403 error.

Upvotes: 14

Views: 45246

Answers (4)

Alex
Alex

Reputation: 401

The simplest way - just track in your devtools request, you can export request then in NodeJS request, not sure about Python.

But if Python not supported - still export into any available language and use AI like ChatGPT to rewrite it in Python.

I`m more NodeJS dev and start with Python so it helps me a lot. No need complex tools - use simplest and you will be impressed what the same DevTools can give to you.

Upvotes: 0

Jeroen Vermunt
Jeroen Vermunt

Reputation: 880

It works on my machine, so I am not sure what the problem is.

However, when I want send a request which does not work, I often try if it works using playwright. Playwright uses a browser driver and thus mimics your actual browser when visiting the page. It can be installed using pip install playwright. When you try it for the first time it may give an error which tells you to install the drivers, just follow the instruction to do so.

With playwright you can try the following:

from playwright.sync_api import sync_playwright


url = 'https://v2.gcchmc.org/book-appointment/'
ua = (
    "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) "
    "AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) "
    "Chrome/69.0.3497.100 Safari/537.36"
)

with sync_playwright() as p:
    browser = p.chromium.launch(headless=False)
    page = browser.new_page(user_agent=ua)
    page.goto(url)
    page.wait_for_timeout(1000)
    
    html = page.content()
    
print(html)

A downside of playwright is that it requires the installation of the chromium (or other) browsers. This is a downside as it may complicate deployment, as the browser can not simply be added to requirements.txt, and a container image is required.

Upvotes: 4

hexa
hexa

Reputation: 24

Try running Burp Suite's Proxy to see all the headers and other data like cookies. Then you could mimic the request with the Python module. That's what I always do.

Good luck!

Upvotes: 0

Guy
Guy

Reputation: 50809

The site is protected by cloudflare which aims to block, among other things, unauthorized data scraping. From What is data scraping?

The process of web scraping is fairly simple, though the implementation can be complex. Web scraping occurs in 3 steps:

  1. First the piece of code used to pull the information, which we call a scraper bot, sends an HTTP GET request to a specific website.
  2. When the website responds, the scraper parses the HTML document for a specific pattern of data.
  3. Once the data is extracted, it is converted into whatever specific format the scraper bot’s author designed.

You can use urllib instead of requests, it seems to be able to deal with cloudflare

req = urllib.request.Request('https://v2.gcchmc.org/book-appointment/')
req.add_headers('User-Agent', 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64; rv:106.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/106.0')
req.add_header('Accept', 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8')
req.add_header('Accept-Language', 'en-US,en;q=0.5')

r = urllib.request.urlopen(req).read().decode('utf-8')
with open("test.html", 'w', encoding="utf-8") as f:
    f.write(r)

Upvotes: 15

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