Django: how to filter by day/month range without setting the year

Question

I have a course Model but want to add an available period date (optiona) on it, but without concidering the Year.

so I can:

• store 2 dates and wont concidering the years on the Course model
• or store 4 numbers (from_day, from_month, to_day, to_month) on the Course model

First I don't know what is the best solutions (what type of data to store, date or numbers?) Second, I don't know how to filter later with checking the actual date.

If there is a date range in the courses, ex: 2022/12/20 to 2023/01/10, if we are the 2023/01/18, theses courses should be excluded

import datetime
today = datetime.date.today()

def get_available_courses(self):
    courses = self.account.get_courses().filter(
        ...
    )

No need to set a year because it should concider any year

---

EDIT:

I tried a solution and I tought it worked but it doesn't : I have 2 situation:

• When the date range isn't crossing the new year (that one is working "filter_not_year_crossed")

• When the date range is crossing the new year: "filter_year_crossed" (that one isn't done yet, I didn't found yet how)

    today = datetime.date.today()
    today_day = today.day
    today_month = today.month
    # we are by exemple the 15/02
    today_day = 15
    today_month = 2
  
    filter_not_year_crossed = (
    # CHECK END
    Q(available_end_at__month__lt=today_month) | 
    (Q(available_end_at__month=today_month) & 
    Q(available_end_at__day__gte=today_day)) 
    # CHECK START
      ) & (Q(available_start_at__month__lt=today_month) | 
   (Q(available_start_at__month=today_month) & 
   Q(available_start_at__day__lte=today_day)))
  
   filter_year_crossed = (               <=== HERE
   Q(available_end_at__month=today_month) & 
   Q(available_end_at__day__gte=today_day)
         ) 
  
  is_year_crossed = 
  (Q(available_end_at__month__lt=F('available_start_at__month')) | 
   Q(available_end_at__month=F('available_start_at__month'), 
  available_end_at__day__lt=F('available_start_at__day')))
    filter_end = Q(available_start_at__isnull=True, 
  available_end_at__isnull=True) | (
        (is_year_crossed & filter_year_crossed) | (~is_year_crossed 
  & filter_not_year_crossed)
    )
  
  courses = courses.filter(filter_end)
  

Answer 1

When you have a datetime or date object, you can filter using the __month and __day options.

Like so:

course1 = Course(
    name='Course 1',
    start_date='2022-09-01',
    end_date='2022-12-31'
)

course2 = Course(
    name='Course 2',
    start_date='2021-09-01',
    end_date='2021-12-31'
)


courses = Course.objects.all()

# below will return both course1 and course2, because the year is not checked.
courses.filter(
    start_date__day=1
    start_date__month=9,
    end_date__day=31,
    end_date__month=12
)

Another option, as you mentioned, would be to save the day and month in your database, without a year.

course1 = Course(
    name='Course 1',
    start_day=1,
    start_month=9,
    end_day=31,
    end_month=12
)

course2 = Course(
    name='Course 2',
    start_day=1,
    start_month=9,
    end_day=31,
    end_month=12
)

today = datetime.date.today()

courses = Course.objects.all()

# below will return both course1 and course2
courses.filter(
    start_day=1,
    start_month=9,
    end_day=31,
    end_month=12
)