ClassCastException in Hibernate with BasicTypeImpl and BasicPluralType

Question

I'm encountering a ClassCastException while working with Hibernate in my Java project. The error occurs when Hibernate attempts to cast an instance of BasicTypeImpl to BasicPluralType. Here is the stack trace snippet:

Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'transactionManager' defined in class path resource [org/springframework/boot/autoconfigure/orm/jpa/HibernateJpaConfiguration.class]: Error creating bean with name 'entityManagerFactory' defined in class path resource [org/springframework/boot/autoconfigure/orm/jpa/HibernateJpaConfiguration.class]: [PersistenceUnit: default] Unable to build Hibernate SessionFactory; nested exception is java.lang.ClassCastException: class org.hibernate.type.internal.BasicTypeImpl cannot be cast to class org.hibernate.type.BasicPluralType (org.hibernate.type.internal.BasicTypeImpl and org.hibernate.type.BasicPluralType are in unnamed module of loader 'app')
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:607) ~[spring-beans-6.1.11.jar:6.1.11]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:522) ~[spring-beans-6.1.11.jar:6.1.11]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.lambda$doGetBean$0(AbstractBeanFactory.java:337) ~[spring-beans-6.1.11.jar:6.1.11]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:234) ~[spring-beans-6.1.11.jar:6.1.11]
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'entityManagerFactory' defined in class path resource [org/springframework/boot/autoconfigure/orm/jpa/HibernateJpaConfiguration.class]: [PersistenceUnit: default] Unable to build Hibernate SessionFactory; nested exception is java.lang.ClassCastException: class org.hibernate.type.internal.BasicTypeImpl cannot be cast to class org.hibernate.type.BasicPluralType (org.hibernate.type.internal.BasicTypeImpl and org.hibernate.type.BasicPluralType are in unnamed module of loader 'app')
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1806) ~[spring-beans-6.1.11.jar:6.1.11]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:600) ~[spring-beans-6.1.11.jar:6.1.11]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:522) ~[spring-beans-6.1.11.jar:6.1.11]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.lambda$doGetBean$0(AbstractBeanFactory.java:337) ~[spring-beans-6.1.11.jar:6.1.11]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:234) ~[spring-beans-6.1.11.jar:6.1.11]
Caused by: jakarta.persistence.PersistenceException: [PersistenceUnit: default] Unable to build Hibernate SessionFactory; nested exception is java.lang.ClassCastException: class org.hibernate.type.internal.BasicTypeImpl cannot be cast to class org.hibernate.type.BasicPluralType (org.hibernate.type.internal.BasicTypeImpl and org.hibernate.type.BasicPluralType are in unnamed module of loader 'app')
    at org.springframework.orm.jpa.AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.buildNativeEntityManagerFactory(AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.java:421) ~[spring-orm-6.1.11.jar:6.1.11]
    at org.springframework.orm.jpa.AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.afterPropertiesSet(AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.java:396) ~[spring-orm-6.1.11.jar:6.1.11]
    at org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean.afterPropertiesSet(LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean.java:366) ~[spring-orm-6.1.11.jar:6.1.11]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.invokeInitMethods(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1853) ~[spring-beans-6.1.11.jar:6.1.11]
Caused by: java.lang.ClassCastException: class org.hibernate.type.internal.BasicTypeImpl cannot be cast to class org.hibernate.type.BasicPluralType (org.hibernate.type.internal.BasicTypeImpl and org.hibernate.type.BasicPluralType are in unnamed module of loader 'app')
    at org.hibernate.type.descriptor.sql.internal.ArrayDdlTypeImpl.getCastTypeName(ArrayDdlTypeImpl.java:34) ~[hibernate-core-6.5.2.Final.jar:6.5.2.Final]
    at org.hibernate.sql.ast.spi.AbstractSqlAstTranslator.getCastTypeName(AbstractSqlAstTranslator.java:6992) ~[hibernate-core-6.5.2.Final.jar:6.5.2.Final]
    at org.hibernate.sql.ast.spi.AbstractSqlAstTranslator.visitCastTarget(AbstractSqlAstTranslator.java:6939) ~[hibernate-core-6.5.2.Final.jar:6.5.2.Final]
    at org.hibernate.sql.ast.tree.expression.CastTarget.accept(CastTarget.java:80) ~[hibernate-core-6.5.2.Final.jar:6.5.2.Final]
    at org.hibernate.sql.ast.spi.AbstractSqlAstTranslator.render(AbstractSqlAstTranslator.java:7073) ~[hibernate-core-6.5.2.Final.jar:6.5.2.Final]
    at org.hibernate.query.sqm.produce.function.internal.PatternRenderer.render(PatternRenderer.java:224) ~[hibernate-core-6.5.2.Final.jar:6.5.2.Final]
    at org.hibernate.query.sqm.produce.function.internal.PatternRenderer.render(PatternRenderer.java:159) ~[hibernate-core-6.5.2.Final.jar:6.5.2.Final]
    at org.hibernate.query.sqm.produce.function.internal.PatternRenderer.render(PatternRenderer.java:142) ~[hibernate-core-6.5.2.Final.jar:6.5.2.Final]
    at org.hibernate.dialect.function.CastFunction.render(CastFunction.java:76) ~[hibernate-core-6.5.2.Final.jar:6.5.2.Final]
    at org.hibernate.sql.ast.spi.AbstractSqlAstTranslator.renderCasted(AbstractSqlAstTranslator.java:5813) ~[hibernate-core-6.5.2.Final.jar:6.5.2.Final]
    at org.hibernate.dialect.SqlAstTranslatorWithMerge.renderMergeUsingQuerySelection(SqlAstTranslatorWithMerge.java:161) ~[hibernate-core-6.5.2.Final.jar:6.5.2.Final]
    at org.hibernate.dialect.SqlAstTranslatorWithMerge.renderMergeUsingQuery(SqlAstTranslatorWithMerge.java:150) ~[hibernate-core-6.5.2.Final.jar:6.5.2.Final]
    at org.hibernate.dialect.SqlAstTranslatorWithMerge.renderMergeUsing(SqlAstTranslatorWithMerge.java:126) ~[hibernate-core-6.5.2.Final.jar:6.5.2.Final]
    at org.hibernate.dialect.SqlAstTranslatorWithMerge.renderMergeStatement(SqlAstTranslatorWithMerge.java:82) ~[hibernate-core-6.5.2.Final.jar:6.5.2.Final]
    at org.hibernate.dialect.SqlAstTranslatorWithMerge.createMergeOperation(SqlAstTranslatorWithMerge.java:43) ~[hibernate-core-6.5.2.Final.jar:6.5.2.Final]
    at org.hibernate.dialect.PostgreSQLDialect.usingMerge(PostgreSQLDialect.java:1529) ~[hibernate-core-6.5.2.Final.jar:6.5.2.Final]
    at org.hibernate.dialect.PostgreSQLDialect.createOptionalTableUpdateOperation(PostgreSQLDialect.java:1521) ~[hibernate-core-6.5.2.Final.jar:6.5.2.Final]
    at org.hibernate.sql.model.internal.OptionalTableUpdate.createMutationOperation(OptionalTableUpdate.java:144) ~[hibernate-core-6.5.2.Final.jar:6.5.2.Final]
    at org.hibernate.persister.entity.mutation.AbstractMutationCoordinator.createOperationGroup(AbstractMutationCoordinator.java:87) ~[hibernate-core-6.5.2.Final.jar:6.5.2.Final]
    at org.hibernate.persister.entity.mutation.UpdateCoordinatorStandard.buildStaticUpdateGroup(UpdateCoordinatorStandard.java:1663) ~[hibernate-core-6.5.2.Final.jar:6.5.2.Final]
    at org.hibernate.persister.entity.mutation.UpdateCoordinatorStandard.<init>(UpdateCoordinatorStandard.java:93) ~[hibernate-core-6.5.2.Final.jar:6.5.2.Final]
    at org.hibernate.persister.entity.mutation.MergeCoordinator.<init>(MergeCoordinator.java:23) ~[hibernate-core-6.5.2.Final.jar:6.5.2.Final]
    at org.hibernate.persister.entity.AbstractEntityPersister.buildMergeCoordinator(AbstractEntityPersister.java:3658) ~[hibernate-core-6.5.2.Final.jar:6.5.2.Final]
    at org.hibernate.persister.entity.AbstractEntityPersister.doLateInit(AbstractEntityPersister.java:3404) ~[hibernate-core-6.5.2.Final.jar:6.5.2.Final]
    at org.hibernate.persister.entity.AbstractEntityPersister.postInstantiate(AbstractEntityPersister.java:3690) ~[hibernate-core-6.5.2.Final.jar:6.5.2.Final]
    at org.hibernate.metamodel.model.domain.internal.MappingMetamodelImpl.finishInitialization(MappingMetamodelImpl.java:202) ~[hibernate-core-6.5.2.Final.jar:6.5.2.Final]
    at org.hibernate.internal.SessionFactoryImpl.initializeMappingModel(SessionFactoryImpl.java:371) ~[hibernate-core-6.5.2.Final.jar:6.5.2.Final]
    at org.hibernate.internal.SessionFactoryImpl.<init>(SessionFactoryImpl.java:300) ~[hibernate-core-6.5.2.Final.jar:6.5.2.Final]
    at org.hibernate.boot.internal.SessionFactoryBuilderImpl.build(SessionFactoryBuilderImpl.java:457) ~[hibernate-core-6.5.2.Final.jar:6.5.2.Final]
    at org.hibernate.jpa.boot.internal.EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl.build(EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl.java:1506) ~[hibernate-core-6.5.2.Final.jar:6.5.2.Final]
    at org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.SpringHibernateJpaPersistenceProvider.createContainerEntityManagerFactory(SpringHibernateJpaPersistenceProvider.java:75) ~[spring-orm-6.1.11.jar:6.1.11]
    at org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean.createNativeEntityManagerFactory(LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean.java:390) ~[spring-orm-6.1.11.jar:6.1.11]
    at org.springframework.orm.jpa.AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.buildNativeEntityManagerFactory(AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.java:409) ~[spring-orm-6.1.11.jar:6.1.11]
    ... 215 common frames omitted

Here are the dependencies in my pom.xml file

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>3.3.2</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    
    <properties>
        <java.version>17</java.version>
        <keycloak.version>25.0.1</keycloak.version>
        <spring-addons.version>7.8.4</spring-addons.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-mail</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-oauth2-resource-server</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-pulsar</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-quartz</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-validation</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-data-envers</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hibernate.orm</groupId>
            <artifactId>hibernate-envers</artifactId>
            <version>6.5.2.Final</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hibernate.validator</groupId>
            <artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId>
            <version>8.0.1.Final</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.flywaydb</groupId>
            <artifactId>flyway-core</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.flywaydb</groupId>
            <artifactId>flyway-database-postgresql</artifactId>
        </dependency>
<dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.kafka</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-kafka</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.postgresql</groupId>
            <artifactId>postgresql</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.microsoft.sqlserver</groupId>
            <artifactId>mssql-jdbc</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-j</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.oracle.database.jdbc</groupId>
            <artifactId>ojdbc11</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-configuration-processor</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-testcontainers</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.kafka</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-kafka-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.testcontainers</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit-jupiter</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
<dependency>
            <groupId>org.testcontainers</groupId>
            <artifactId>kafka</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.testcontainers</groupId>
            <artifactId>postgresql</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.testcontainers</groupId>
            <artifactId>pulsar</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    <dependency>
            <groupId>com.c4-soft.springaddons</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-addons-starter-oidc</artifactId>
           <version>${spring-addons.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.querydsl</groupId>
            <artifactId>querydsl-core</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.querydsl</groupId>
            <artifactId>querydsl-apt</artifactId>
            <version>${querydsl.version}</version>
            <classifier>jakarta</classifier>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.querydsl</groupId>
            <artifactId>querydsl-jpa</artifactId>
            <classifier>jakarta</classifier>
            <version>${querydsl.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springdoc</groupId>
            <artifactId>springdoc-openapi-starter-webmvc-ui</artifactId>
            <version>2.5.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mapstruct</groupId>
            <artifactId>mapstruct</artifactId>
            <version>1.6.0.Beta1</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>software.amazon.awssdk</groupId>
            <artifactId>s3</artifactId>
            <version>2.21.46</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
            <artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.5</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.keycloak</groupId>
            <artifactId>keycloak-admin-client</artifactId>
            <version>${keycloak.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.google.firebase</groupId>
            <artifactId>firebase-admin</artifactId>
            <version>8.1.0</version>
        </dependency>
<dependency>
            <groupId>com.amazonaws</groupId>
            <artifactId>aws-java-sdk-s3</artifactId>
            <version>1.12.750</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.twilio.sdk</groupId>
            <artifactId>twilio</artifactId>
            <version>8.26.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.jsonwebtoken</groupId>
            <artifactId>jjwt-api</artifactId>
            <version>0.11.5</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.jsonwebtoken</groupId>
            <artifactId>jjwt-impl</artifactId>
            <version>0.11.5</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.jsonwebtoken</groupId>
            <artifactId>jjwt-jackson</artifactId>
            <version>0.11.5</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.cloudinary</groupId>
            <artifactId>cloudinary-taglib</artifactId>
            <version>1.39.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.cloudinary</groupId>
            <artifactId>cloudinary-http44</artifactId>
            <version>1.39.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>am.ik.spring</groupId>
            <artifactId>retryable-client-http-request-interceptor</artifactId>
            <version>0.2.4</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
<build>
        <finalName>${project.name}-${project.version}</finalName>

        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>com.mysema.maven</groupId>
                <artifactId>apt-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>1.1.3</version>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>process</goal>
                        </goals>
                        <configuration>
                            <outputDirectory>target/generated-sources/java</outputDirectory>
                            <processor>com.querydsl.apt.jpa.JPAAnnotationProcessor</processor>
                        </configuration>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <excludes>
                        <exclude>
                            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
                            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
                        </exclude>
                    </excludes>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.11.0</version>
                <configuration>
                    <annotationProcessorPaths>
                        <path>
                            <groupId>org.mapstruct</groupId>
                            <artifactId>mapstruct-processor</artifactId>
                            <version>1.6.0.Beta1</version>
                        </path>
                        <path>
                            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
                            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
                            <version>${lombok.version}</version>
                        </path>
                        <dependency>
                            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
                            <artifactId>lombok-mapstruct-binding</artifactId>
                            <version>0.2.0</version>
                        </dependency>
                    </annotationProcessorPaths>
                    <compilerArgs>
                        <compilerArg>
                            -Amapstruct.defaultComponentModel=spring
                        </compilerArg>
                    </compilerArgs>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

What I've Tried:

Ensured that all Hibernate dependencies are on the same version. Reviewed my entity mappings for potential issues. Checked my Hibernate and database configurations.

Questions:

Has anyone encountered a similar issue with BasicTypeImpl and BasicPluralType? Are there any specific configurations or dependencies I should look into? Any tips on debugging or resolving this type of ClassCastException?

I could have pasted the whole entities in the application, but they are actually plenty, and I don't know which part of the code is actually causing the error

But this is the base class where all entities inherit from

@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@MappedSuperclass
@EntityListeners(Auditable.class)
@FieldDefaults(level = AccessLevel.PRIVATE)
@SoftDelete(strategy = SoftDeleteType.DELETED, converter = TrueFalseConverter.class)
@SuperBuilder
@NoArgsConstructor
public class VegeelAuditableModel implements Serializable {
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)
    @Column(name = "id", nullable = false)
    Long id;

    @Column(unique = true, nullable = false)

    String publicId;

    @TenantId
    String companyId;

    String companyName;

    @CreatedDate
    LocalDateTime createdDate;

    @LastModifiedDate
    LocalDateTime lastModifiedDate;

    @CreatedBy
    @Builder.Default
    String createdBy = "SYSTEM";

    Boolean dirty = Boolean.FALSE;

    Boolean approved = Boolean.FALSE;
    @LastModifiedBy
    String lastModifiedBy;

    @PrePersist
    public void generatePublicId() {
        this.publicId = VegeelUtilGenerator.generateId();
//        this.companyId = TenantContext.getTenantId();
        this.companyName = TenantContext.getTenantName();
    }
}

This seems similar to this in the hibernate discourse site but that didn't seem to help me.

Answer 1

There can be issue with your entity mappings or configurations. This problem arise due to incompatible Hibernate versions or misconfigurations.

If you are using Hibernate-envers version 6.5.2.Final. Make sure your other Hibernate dependencies match this version or the recommended compatible versions.

Enable debug logging for Hibernate to get details into what might be causing the issue. Add these properties :

logging.level.org.hibernate=DEBUG
logging.level.org.hibernate.type=TRACE