Google Play shows "not compatible with your device" despite device being listed as compatible in Play Console

Question

I have a React Native (Expo) app published on Google Play Store with

• minSdkVersion: 23
• targetSdkVersion: 34
• compileSdkVersion: 34

The app works correctly when installed directly via APK, and it is installable via Google Play for a lot of users.

Issue:

Two devices I tried it on cannot find the app on Google Play, and when accessed directly through a link, they receive a "Your device isn't compatible with this version" message. However:

• These same devices are listed as compatible in Google Play Console's device catalog
• The app works when installed via direct APK
• Enough time has passed (a week) since the app was published for Play Store caches to update
• The devices are in the correct region (app is region-restricted to Czech Republic)
• Both were devices where I tested the app using .apk before releasing it - however, than package has already been uninstalled
• Both accounts are 18+ years old

Affected Devices:

• Realme 6 (Android 11)
• some Samsung (Android 9)
• Not sure how many more devices - these are just the two I tried

Technical Details:

• Using Android Google Play App Bundle format (.aab)
• No explicit hardware/feature requirements in AndroidManifest.xml (no uses-feature, no required:true)
• No explicit screen size or RAM requirements and no explicit device exclusion rules in Play Console

Relevant AndroidManifest.xml permissions:

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.FOREGROUND_SERVICE"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.FOREGROUND_SERVICE_LOCATION"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECORD_AUDIO"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.VIBRATE"/>
<uses-permission android:name="com.google.android.gms.permission.AD_ID"/>

Relevant part of app.config.ts:

const config: ExpoConfig = {
  // ... other config
  android: {
    package: "com.acme.app",
    userInterfaceStyle: "light",
    permissions: ["com.google.android.gms.permission.AD_ID"],
    blockedPermissions: [],
    googleServicesFile: "./google-services.json",
    adaptiveIcon: {
      foregroundImage: "./assets/adaptive-icon/adaptive_icon_fg.png",
      backgroundColor: "#ffe3a5",
    },
  },
  plugins: [
    ["expo-apple-authentication"],
    [
      "expo-location",
      {
        locationAlwaysAndWhenInUsePermission: `...`,
        locationWhenInUsePermission: `...`,
        isAndroidForegroundServiceEnabled: true,
      },
    ],
    ["expo-secure-store"],
    ["expo-localization"],
    [
      "@react-native-google-signin/google-signin",
      {
        iosUrlScheme: "com.googleusercontent.apps.[redacted]",
      },
    ],
    [
      "expo-build-properties",
      {
        android: {
          kotlinVersion: "1.7.22",
        },
      },
    ],
  ],
};

What could be causing this discrepancy between Play Store compatibility and actual device compatibility? How can I resolve this issue?