Having a Service receive SMS messages

Question

I've looked at a few SMS message examples and Activities are typically used to receive an SMS. However, what I'd like to do is have my background service receive the SMS (the service will process the message and decide whether it is applicable to the app - then inform the user)

In my Manifest, the service is defined as follows:

    <service android:name=".service.myService"
        android:enabled="true">
        <intent-filter>
            <action android:name="package.com.service.myService"/>
        </intent-filter>
</service>

to have the service receive the SMS, will this work ?

<receiver android:name=".service.myService" android:exported="true" > 
  <intent-filter android:priority="999"> 
    <action android:name="android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED" />
  </intent-filter> 
</receiver>

The sample code I studied came from: http://www.apriorit.com/our-company/dev-blog/227-handle-sms-on-android

I can't test it yet because my development module doesn't have a phone number to send an SMS to.

Answer 1

manifest file


<application
    android:allowBackup="true"
    android:dataExtractionRules="@xml/data_extraction_rules"
    android:fullBackupContent="@xml/backup_rules"
    android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
    android:label="@string/app_name"
    android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
    android:supportsRtl="true"
    android:theme="@style/Theme.Send"
    tools:targetApi="31">
    <service
        android:name=".ForegroundService"
        android:enabled="true"
        android:exported="true">

    </service>
    <receiver
        android:name="com.customer.send.SmsReceiver"
        android:enabled="true"
        android:exported="true"
        android:permission="android.permission.BROADCAST_SMS">
        <intent-filter android:priority="999">
            <action android:name="android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED" />
        </intent-filter>

    </receiver>

Answer 2

I have this solution worked for me perfectly by adding BROADCAST_SMS permission:

<receiver android:name="com.mohamedtest.sendandreceivesms_m.SMSReceiver"
        android:enabled="true"
        android:exported="true"
        android:permission="android.permission.BROADCAST_SMS">
        <intent-filter>
            <action android:name="android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED"/>
        </intent-filter>
    </receiver>

Answer 3

You can make the SmsReceiver separately from the Sevice using context from the onReceive method to star service. That lets you not to run service all the time. Or even not starting activity to register receiver. Though I can mistake.

Something like this:

    @Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {

        if (intent.getAction().equals(SMS_RECEIVED)) {
            Bundle bundle = intent.getExtras();
            if (bundle != null) {
                Object[] pdus = (Object[]) bundle.get("pdus");
                if (pdus.length == 0) {
                    return;
                }
                SmsMessage[] messages = new SmsMessage[pdus.length];
                StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
                for (int i = 0; i < pdus.length; i++) {
                    messages[i] = SmsMessage.createFromPdu((byte[]) pdus[i]);
                    sb.append(messages[i].getMessageBody());
                }
                String number = messages[0].getOriginatingAddress();
                String messageText = sb.toString();


                Intent intent1 = new Intent(context, SMSreceiver.class);
                intent1.putExtra(PHONE_NUMBER, number);
                intent1.putExtra(SMS_TEXT, messageText);

                context.startService(intent1);
            }
        }
}

Answer 4

I found the solution. To have a Service receive SMS messages:

1. Update the manifest to give your app the permissions to receive SMS (WRITE_SMS, READ_SMS, RECEIVE_SMS)
2. DO NOT update the manifest with the receiver intent filter ! (which every sample code online seems to do)

3. In your Service, create a nested BroadcastReceiver class within your Service class

   private class SMSreceiver extends BroadcastReceiver
   {
       private final String TAG = this.getClass().getSimpleName();
   
       @Override
       public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent)
       {
           Bundle extras = intent.getExtras();
   
           String strMessage = "";
   
           if ( extras != null )
           {
               Object[] smsextras = (Object[]) extras.get( "pdus" );
   
               for ( int i = 0; i < smsextras.length; i++ )
               {
                   SmsMessage smsmsg = SmsMessage.createFromPdu((byte[])smsextras[i]);
   
                   String strMsgBody = smsmsg.getMessageBody().toString();
                   String strMsgSrc = smsmsg.getOriginatingAddress();
   
                   strMessage += "SMS from " + strMsgSrc + " : " + strMsgBody;                    
   
                   Log.i(TAG, strMessage);
               }
   
           }
   
       }
   
   }
   

4. In your Service class, register to receive the android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED intent filter :

   public class ServiceCommunicator extends Service
   {
       private SMSreceiver mSMSreceiver;
       private IntentFilter mIntentFilter;
   
       @Override
       public void onCreate()
       {
           super.onCreate();
   
           //SMS event receiver
           mSMSreceiver = new SMSreceiver();
           mIntentFilter = new IntentFilter();
           mIntentFilter.addAction("android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED");
           registerReceiver(mSMSreceiver, mIntentFilter);
       }
   
       @Override
       public void onDestroy()
       {
           super.onDestroy();
   
           // Unregister the SMS receiver
           unregisterReceiver(mSMSreceiver);
       }
   }
   

That's it !

note: encase you're wondering why I didn't bind to my service from within a separate BroadcastReceiver class - it doesn't work because bindService() isn't available.