CODEWITHSUNDEEP
c++arraysfor-loopmemory-address
user1145538
user1145538

Reputation: 647

C++: array for loop printing addresses instead of values

this was an example given to us in class. Could someone explain to me why this prints 29 addresses instead of 29 "0" (zeroes) ?

int num[29]; is an array which has set aside 29 addresses for 29 integers -i get that part, but in the for loop you arent u printing the values IN those addreses rather than the addresses themselves?

also, whats the difference between (num+i) and (num[]+i)?

I'm a little confused..

#include <iostream>
#include <cmath>

using namespace std;

int main(){
    int  num[29];
    for (int i=0;i<29;i++)
        cout << (num+i) << endl;

    return 0;
}

Upvotes: 0

Views: 4643

Answers (2)

Andrew Tomazos
Andrew Tomazos

Reputation: 68668

A declaration such as:

int num[29];

defines a contiguous array of 29 integers.

To access elements of the array use num[i] where i is the index (starting at 0 for the 1st element).

The expression num on its own gives a pointer (memory address and type) of the first element of the array.

The expression ptr + i (where ptr is a pointer and i is an integer) evaluates to a pointer that is i positions (in units of the type of pointer) after ptr.

So num + i gives a pointer to the element with index i.

The expression &a gives a pointer to some object a.

The expression *ptr gives the object that some pointer ptr is pointing at.

So the expressions a and *(&a) are equivalent.

So num[5] is the same as *(num+5)

and num+5 is the same as &num[5]

and num is the same as &num[0]

When you print a pointer with cout it will show its address.

When you print an object it will print the value of the object.

So

cout << num + 5;

will print the address of the 5th (zero-indexed) element of num

and

cout << num[5];

will print the value of the 5th (zero-indexed) element of num

Upvotes: 3

templatetypedef
templatetypedef

Reputation: 372814

The reason for printing addresses is that 

(num+i)

Is the address of the ith element of the array, not the ith element itself. If you want to get the ith element, you can write

*(num + i)

Or, even better:

num[i]

As for your second question - the syntax (num + i) means "the address i objects past the start of num, and the syntax (num[] + i) is not legal C or C++.

Hope this helps!

Upvotes: 9

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