PHP error handling in class from multiple functions

Question

Similar question has been asked few days ago about error handling. People explained to me how to get errors from class. And i understand it how to create error names and validate in __construct section but still struggling with multiple functions

    class magic
{
    /**
     * @param string $name
     * @param string $surname
     * @param int $age
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public function __construct($name, $surname, $age)
    {
        $errors = [];

        if (empty($name)) {
            $errors[] = 'Name is required.';
        }

        if (empty($surname)) {
            $errors[] = 'Surname is required.';
        }

        if (!empty($errors)) {
            throw new Exception(implode('<br />', $errors));
        }

        $this->name = $name;
        $this->surname = $surname;
        $this->age = $age;
    }

    public function printFullname()
    {
        echo $this->name . ' ' . $this->surname;
    }

}

another file:

include 'class.php'; 
    try {
        $test = new magic('', '', '33');
        $test->printFullname();
    } catch (Exception $exc) {
        echo $exc->getMessage(); //error messages
    }

It works but problem with another function in this class:

class magic
    {
        /**
         * @param string $name
         * @param string $surname
         * @param int $age
         * @throws Exception
         */
        public function __construct($name, $surname, $age)
        {
            $errors = [];

            if (empty($name)) {
                $errors[] = 'Name is required.';
            }

            if (empty($surname)) {
                $errors[] = 'Surname is required.';
            }

            if (!empty($errors)) {
                throw new Exception(implode('<br />', $errors));
            }

            $this->name = $name;
            $this->surname = $surname;
            $this->age = $age;
        }

        public function printFullname()
        {
            echo $this->name . ' ' . $this->surname;
        }

public function auth()
{
//authentication goes here

if... 
$errors[] = 'Error1';
else
$errors[] = 'Error2';
etc...

}


}

another file:

include 'class.php'; 
        try {
            $test = new magic('', '', '33');
            $test->auth();
        } catch (Exception $exc) {
            echo $exc->getMessage(); //error messages
        }

My function auth() working and return errors as if then echo but i would like to do with array.

Answer 1

If you want to get errors from the exception as an array you should create your own exception class:

class MagicException extends Exception
{
    private $errors;

    function __construct($message, array $errors, $code = 0, Exception $previous = null)
    {
        parent::__construct($message, $code, $previous);
        $this->errors = $errors;
    }

    function getErrors()
    {
        return $this->errors;
    }
}

Usage:

try {
    $errors = [];

    // some code..
    $errors[] = 'Example error';

    if ($errors) {
        throw new MagicException('Something went wrong', $errors);
    }
} catch (MagicException $e) {
    // @todo: handle the exception
    print_r($e->getErrors());
}

Output:

Array
(
    [0] => Example error
)

Answer 2

I think what you are doing is unnecessary.

By the way you've written the constructor parameters, you are automatically saying that those parameters are required and must not be empty, since you haven't set a default value for them.

As for errors in multiple functions, I'd suggest you to look up at custom Exceptions. Create a custom Exception for every specific error (if you need to apply different actions or different types of errors) and then catch them as you would do with an Exception.