CODEWITHSUNDEEP
arraysmongodb
MarcL
MarcL

Reputation: 3593

MongoDB Replace specific array values

In MongoDB, I have a movie collection that has an array of languages , e.g.
languages: [0:USA, 1: German, 2: French, ...etc]

The array values are not in any particular order.

How can I now update an array value based on some specific value? Let's say I want to update all "French" and replace it with "Francais" for the entire collection. How can I do that?

Upvotes: 36

Views: 30056

Answers (2)

dnickless
dnickless

Reputation: 10918

In case you have duplicate entries in your array like this:

"languages" : [ 
    "USA", 
    "German", 
    "French",
    "French"
]

You can use the following syntax to replace all occurrences starting with MongoDB v3.5.12 (documentation)

db.movies.updateMany(
    { "languages": "French" },
    { "$set": { "languages.$[filter]": "Francais" } },
    { "arrayFilters": [ { "filter": "French" } ] }
)

Strictly speaking, the { "languages": "French" } filter is not needed. It will, however, speed up things by leveraging an index on "languages" in case there is one. If that's not needed/wanted, passing a simple {} value as the first parameter works as well.

Upvotes: 14

chridam
chridam

Reputation: 103365

Use the positional $ operator which identifies the element in the languages array to update without explicitly specifying its position in the array i.e. instead of knowing the position in advance and updating the element as:

db.movies.updateMany(
    { "languages": "French" }, 
    { "$set": { "languages.2": "Francais" } }
)

you can just use the $ operator as:

db.movies.updateMany(
    { "languages": "French" }, 
    { "$set": { "languages.$": "Francais" } }
)

Alternatively using the aggregation pipeline for update operations:

db.movies.updateMany(
    { "languages": "French" }, 
    [
        { "$set": { 
            "languages": {
                "$map": {
                    "input": "$languages",
                    "in": {
                        "$cond": [
                            { "$eq": ["$$this", "French"] }, 
                            "Francais", 
                            "$$this"
                        ]
                    }
                }
            }
        } }
    ]
)

Upvotes: 49

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