CODEWITHSUNDEEP
pythonturtle-graphics
Techincal Hacks
Techincal Hacks

Reputation: 89

Python Turtle graphics scale size and position

I want some help on Python turtle graphics. I need to create a house which goes each time smaller in a for ... in range() loop.

I am creating scenery with three houses composed of basic turtle shapes. Is there a way, when I create a house with basic shapes, I can use a for ... in range() loop to change the house position and make it a little smaller in size?

What I am trying so far:

def house(turtlename,hs,xroof,xdoor,xwindow,ywindow):
 housesquare(turtlename,hs)
 turtlename.pu()
 turtlename.goto ((int(hs*xroof),int(hs*1)))
 turtlename.pd()
 housetriangle(turtlename,hs)
 turtlename.pu()
 turtlename.goto((int(hs*xdoor),0 ))
 turtlename.pd()
 housedoor(turtlename,hs*0.7,hs*0.3)
 turtlename.pu()
 turtlename.goto((int(hs*xwindow), int(hs*ywindow)))
 turtlename.pd()
 housesquare(turtlename,hs*0.3)

Using this code, I try to draw a second house with smaller size. The goto() command disturbs the whole shape and I have to do it everything manually but the task is to use for ... in range(4) to draw four houses, each to be smaller and placed at a little distance.

Upvotes: 1

Views: 7975

Answers (1)

cdlane
cdlane

Reputation: 41905

You need to draw in a relative, not absolute, fashion. You can do this with .goto() and it tends to look something like:

turtle.goto(turtle.xcor() + hs * xwindow, turtle.ycor() + hs * ywindow)

That is, move relative to where you are now. However, it may be simpler to avoid .goto() altogether and work with relative motion methods like .forward(), .backward(), .left(), & .right(). Here's a rework of your code using those relative motion methods:

from turtle import Turtle, Screen

def housesquare(turtle, width):
    for _ in range(4):
        turtle.forward(width)
        turtle.left(90)

def housetriangle(turtle, base):
    for _ in range(3):
        turtle.forward(base)
        turtle.left(120)

def housedoor(turtle, height, width):
    for _ in range(2):
        turtle.forward(width)
        turtle.left(90)
        turtle.forward(height)
        turtle.left(90)

def house(turtle, hs, xroof, xdoor, xwindow, ywindow):
    housesquare(turtle, hs)

    turtle.penup()
    turtle.left(90)
    turtle.forward(hs)
    turtle.right(90)
    turtle.forward(hs * xroof)
    turtle.pendown()
    housetriangle(turtle, hs)

    turtle.penup()
    turtle.right(90)
    turtle.forward(hs)
    turtle.left(90)
    turtle.forward(hs * xdoor)
    turtle.pendown()
    housedoor(turtle, hs * 0.7, hs * 0.3)

    turtle.penup()
    turtle.backward(hs * xdoor)
    turtle.forward(hs * xwindow)
    turtle.left(90)
    turtle.forward(hs * ywindow)
    turtle.right(90)
    turtle.pendown()
    housesquare(turtle, hs * 0.3)

    turtle.penup()
    turtle.backward(hs * xwindow)
    turtle.left(90)
    turtle.backward(hs * ywindow)
    turtle.right(90)
    turtle.pendown()

screen = Screen()
yertle = Turtle()

size = 100

for factor in range(1, 4):

    house(yertle, size / factor, 0.0, 0.2, 0.6, 0.4)

    yertle.penup()
    yertle.forward(1.5 * size / factor)
    yertle.right(15)
    yertle.pendown()

yertle.hideturtle()

screen.exitonclick()

Notice that it can not only draw the house at different sizes, but rotate it as well, due to the relative drawing logic:

enter image description here

Upvotes: 2

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